1 |
|
2 | #### case
|
3 | foo=a; case $foo in [0-9]) echo number;; [a-z]) echo letter;; esac
|
4 | ## stdout: letter
|
5 |
|
6 | #### case in subshell
|
7 | # Hm this subhell has to know about the closing ) and stuff like that.
|
8 | # case_clause is a compound_command, which is a command. And a subshell
|
9 | # takes a compound_list, which is a list of terms, which has and_ors in them
|
10 | # ... which eventually boils down to a command.
|
11 | echo $(foo=a; case $foo in [0-9]) echo number;; [a-z]) echo letter;; esac)
|
12 | ## stdout: letter
|
13 |
|
14 | #### Command sub word part
|
15 | # "The token shall not be delimited by the end of the substitution."
|
16 | foo=FOO; echo $(echo $foo)bar$(echo $foo)
|
17 | ## stdout: FOObarFOO
|
18 |
|
19 | #### Backtick
|
20 | foo=FOO; echo `echo $foo`bar`echo $foo`
|
21 | ## stdout: FOObarFOO
|
22 |
|
23 | #### Backtick 2
|
24 | echo `echo -n l; echo -n s`
|
25 | ## stdout: ls
|
26 |
|
27 | #### Nested backticks
|
28 | # Inner `` are escaped! Not sure how to do triple.. Seems like an unlikely
|
29 | # use case. Not sure if I even want to support this!
|
30 | echo X > $TMP/000000-first
|
31 | echo `\`echo -n l; echo -n s\` $TMP | grep 000000-first`
|
32 | ## stdout: 000000-first
|
33 |
|
34 | #### Making command out of command sub should work
|
35 | # Works in bash and dash!
|
36 | $(echo ec)$(echo ho) split builtin
|
37 | ## stdout: split builtin
|
38 |
|
39 | #### Making keyword out of command sub should NOT work
|
40 | $(echo f)$(echo or) i in a b c; do echo $i; done
|
41 | echo status=$?
|
42 | ## stdout-json: ""
|
43 | ## status: 2
|
44 | ## OK mksh status: 1
|
45 |
|
46 | #### Command sub with here doc
|
47 | echo $(<<EOF tac
|
48 | one
|
49 | two
|
50 | EOF
|
51 | )
|
52 | ## stdout: two one
|
53 |
|
54 | #### Here doc with pipeline
|
55 | <<EOF tac | tr '\n' 'X'
|
56 | one
|
57 | two
|
58 | EOF
|
59 | ## stdout-json: "twoXoneX"
|
60 |
|
61 | #### Command Sub word split
|
62 | argv.py $(echo 'hi there') "$(echo 'hi there')"
|
63 | ## stdout: ['hi', 'there', 'hi there']
|
64 |
|
65 | #### Command Sub trailing newline removed
|
66 | s=$(python2 -c 'print("ab\ncd\n")')
|
67 | argv.py "$s"
|
68 | ## stdout: ['ab\ncd']
|
69 |
|
70 | #### Command Sub trailing whitespace not removed
|
71 | s=$(python2 -c 'print("ab\ncd\n ")')
|
72 | argv.py "$s"
|
73 | ## stdout: ['ab\ncd\n ']
|
74 |
|
75 | #### Command Sub and exit code
|
76 | # A command resets the exit code, but an assignment doesn't.
|
77 | echo $(echo x; exit 33)
|
78 | echo $?
|
79 | x=$(echo x; exit 33)
|
80 | echo $?
|
81 | ## STDOUT:
|
82 | x
|
83 | 0
|
84 | 33
|
85 | ## END
|
86 |
|
87 | #### Command Sub in local sets exit code
|
88 | # A command resets the exit code, but an assignment doesn't.
|
89 | f() {
|
90 | echo $(echo x; exit 33)
|
91 | echo $?
|
92 | local x=$(echo x; exit 33)
|
93 | echo $?
|
94 | }
|
95 | f
|
96 | ## STDOUT:
|
97 | x
|
98 | 0
|
99 | 0
|
100 | ## END
|
101 |
|
102 | #### Double Quotes in Command Sub in Double Quotes
|
103 | # virtualenv's bin/activate uses this.
|
104 | # This is weird! Double quotes within `` is different than double quotes
|
105 | # within $()! All shells agree.
|
106 | # I think this is related to the nested backticks case!
|
107 | echo "x $(echo hi)"
|
108 | echo "x $(echo "hi")"
|
109 | echo "x $(echo \"hi\")"
|
110 | echo "x `echo hi`"
|
111 | echo "x `echo "hi"`"
|
112 | echo "x `echo \"hi\"`"
|
113 | ## STDOUT:
|
114 | x hi
|
115 | x hi
|
116 | x "hi"
|
117 | x hi
|
118 | x hi
|
119 | x hi
|
120 | ## END
|
121 |
|
122 | #### Escaped quote in [[ ]]
|
123 | file=$TMP/command-sub-dbracket
|
124 | #rm -f $file
|
125 | echo "123 `[[ $(echo \\" > $file) ]]` 456";
|
126 | cat $file
|
127 | ## STDOUT:
|
128 | 123 456
|
129 | "
|
130 | ## END
|
131 |
|
132 | #### Quoting " within ``
|
133 | echo 1 `echo \"`
|
134 | #echo 2 `echo \\"`
|
135 | #echo 3 `echo \\\"`
|
136 | #echo 4 `echo \\\\"`
|
137 |
|
138 | ## STDOUT:
|
139 | 1 "
|
140 | ## END
|
141 |
|
142 | #### Quoting $ within ``
|
143 | echo 1 `echo $`
|
144 | echo 2 `echo \$`
|
145 | echo 3 `echo \\$`
|
146 | echo 4 `echo \\\$`
|
147 | echo 5 `echo \\\\$`
|
148 | ## STDOUT:
|
149 | 1 $
|
150 | 2 $
|
151 | 3 $
|
152 | 4 $
|
153 | 5 \$
|
154 | ## END
|
155 |
|
156 | #### Quoting $ within `` within double quotes
|
157 | echo "1 `echo $`"
|
158 | echo "2 `echo \$`"
|
159 | echo "3 `echo \\$`"
|
160 | echo "4 `echo \\\$`"
|
161 | echo "5 `echo \\\\$`"
|
162 | ## STDOUT:
|
163 | 1 $
|
164 | 2 $
|
165 | 3 $
|
166 | 4 $
|
167 | 5 \$
|
168 | ## END
|
169 |
|
170 | #### Quoting \ within ``
|
171 | # You need FOUR backslashes to make a literal \.
|
172 | echo [1 `echo \ `]
|
173 | echo [2 `echo \\ `]
|
174 | echo [3 `echo \\\\ `]
|
175 | ## STDOUT:
|
176 | [1 ]
|
177 | [2 ]
|
178 | [3 \]
|
179 | ## END
|
180 |
|
181 | #### Quoting \ within `` within double quotes
|
182 | echo "[1 `echo \ `]"
|
183 | echo "[2 `echo \\ `]"
|
184 | echo "[3 `echo \\\\ `]"
|
185 | ## STDOUT:
|
186 | [1 ]
|
187 | [2 ]
|
188 | [3 \]
|
189 | ## END
|
190 |
|
191 | #### Quoting ( within ``
|
192 | echo 1 `echo \(`
|
193 | echo 2 `echo \\(`
|
194 | echo 3 `echo \\ \\(`
|
195 | ## STDOUT:
|
196 | 1 (
|
197 | 2 (
|
198 | 3 (
|
199 | ## END
|
200 |
|
201 | #### Quoting ( within `` within double quotes
|
202 | echo "1 `echo \(`"
|
203 | echo "2 `echo \\(`"
|
204 | echo "3 `echo \\ \\(`"
|
205 | ## STDOUT:
|
206 | 1 (
|
207 | 2 (
|
208 | 3 (
|
209 | ## END
|
210 |
|
211 | #### Quoting non-special characters within ``
|
212 | echo [1 `echo \z]`
|
213 | echo [2 `echo \\z]`
|
214 | echo [3 `echo \\\z]`
|
215 | echo [4 `echo \\\\z]`
|
216 | ## STDOUT:
|
217 | [1 z]
|
218 | [2 z]
|
219 | [3 \z]
|
220 | [4 \z]
|
221 | ## END
|
222 |
|
223 | #### Quoting non-special characters within `` within double quotes
|
224 | echo "[1 `echo \z`]"
|
225 | echo "[2 `echo \\z`]"
|
226 | echo "[3 `echo \\\z`]"
|
227 | echo "[4 `echo \\\\z`]"
|
228 | ## STDOUT:
|
229 | [1 z]
|
230 | [2 z]
|
231 | [3 \z]
|
232 | [4 \z]
|
233 | ## END
|
234 |
|
235 | #### Quoting double quotes within backticks
|
236 | echo \"foo\" # for comparison
|
237 | echo `echo \"foo\"`
|
238 | echo `echo \\"foo\\"`
|
239 | ## STDOUT:
|
240 | "foo"
|
241 | "foo"
|
242 | "foo"
|
243 | ## END
|
244 |
|
245 | #### More levels of double quotes in backticks
|
246 | # Shells don't agree here, some of them give you form feeds!
|
247 | # There are two levels of processing I don't understand.
|
248 | echo BUG
|
249 | exit
|
250 | echo `echo \\\"foo\\\"`
|
251 | echo `echo \\\\"foo\\\\"`
|
252 | echo `echo \\\\\"foo\\\\\"`
|
253 | ## BUG bash/dash/mksh/osh STDOUT:
|
254 | BUG
|
255 | ## END
|
256 |
|
257 | #### Syntax errors with double quotes within backticks
|
258 |
|
259 | # bash does print syntax errors but somehow it exits 0
|
260 |
|
261 | $SH -c 'echo `echo "`'
|
262 | echo status=$?
|
263 | $SH -c 'echo `echo \\\\"`'
|
264 | echo status=$?
|
265 |
|
266 | ## STDOUT:
|
267 | status=2
|
268 | status=2
|
269 | ## END
|
270 | ## OK mksh STDOUT:
|
271 | status=1
|
272 | status=1
|
273 | ## END
|
274 | ## OK bash stdout-json: "\nstatus=0\n\nstatus=0\n"
|
275 |
|
276 |
|
277 | #### Empty command sub $() (command::NoOp)
|
278 |
|
279 | # IMPORTANT: catch assert() failure in child process!!!
|
280 | shopt -s command_sub_errexit
|
281 |
|
282 | echo -$()- ".$()."
|
283 | ## STDOUT:
|
284 | -- ..
|
285 | ## END
|