| 1 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 2 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 3 | 
  
    v=abcd
   | 
  | 4 | 
  
    echo ${v%d} ${v%%cd}
   | 
  | 5 | 
  
    ## stdout: abc ab
   | 
  | 6 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 7 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 8 | 
  
    v=abcd
   | 
  | 9 | 
  
    echo ${v#a} ${v##ab}
   | 
  | 10 | 
  
    ## stdout: bcd cd
   | 
  | 11 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 12 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 13 | 
  
    a=(1a 2a 3a)
   | 
  | 14 | 
  
    argv.py ${a[@]%a}
   | 
  | 15 | 
  
    ## stdout: ['1', '2', '3']
   | 
  | 16 | 
  
    ## status: 0
   | 
  | 17 | 
  
    ## N-I dash/mksh/ash stdout-json: ""
   | 
  | 18 | 
  
    ## N-I dash/ash status: 2
   | 
  | 19 | 
  
    ## N-I mksh status: 1
   | 
  | 20 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 21 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 22 | 
  
    set -- 1a 2a 3a
   | 
  | 23 | 
  
    argv.py ${@%a}
   | 
  | 24 | 
  
    ## stdout: ['1', '2', '3']
   | 
  | 25 | 
  
    ## status: 0
   | 
  | 26 | 
  
    ## N-I dash/ash stdout: ['1a', '2a', '3']
   | 
  | 27 | 
  
    ## N-I dash/ash status: 0
   | 
  | 28 | 
  
    ## N-I mksh stdout-json: ""
   | 
  | 29 | 
  
    ## N-I mksh status: 1
   | 
  | 30 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 31 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 32 | 
  
    echo ${undef%suffix}
   | 
  | 33 | 
  
    ## stdout:
   | 
  | 34 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 35 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 36 | 
  
    v=aabbccdd
   | 
  | 37 | 
  
    echo ${v%c*}
   | 
  | 38 | 
  
    ## stdout: aabbc
   | 
  | 39 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 40 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 41 | 
  
    v=aabbccdd
   | 
  | 42 | 
  
    echo ${v%%c*}
   | 
  | 43 | 
  
    ## stdout: aabb
   | 
  | 44 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 45 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 46 | 
  
    v=aabbccdd
   | 
  | 47 | 
  
    echo ${v#*b}
   | 
  | 48 | 
  
    ## stdout: bccdd
   | 
  | 49 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 50 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 51 | 
  
    v=aabbccdd
   | 
  | 52 | 
  
    echo ${v##*b}
   | 
  | 53 | 
  
    ## stdout: ccdd
   | 
  | 54 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 55 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 56 | 
  
    v=abc
   | 
  | 57 | 
  
    echo ${v%[[:alpha:]]}
   | 
  | 58 | 
  
    ## stdout: ab
   | 
  | 59 | 
  
    ## N-I mksh stdout: abc
   | 
  | 60 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 61 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 62 | 
  
    # NOTE: LANG is set to utf-8.
   | 
  | 63 | 
  
    v='μ-'
   | 
  | 64 | 
  
    echo ${v#?}  # ? is a glob that stands for one character
   | 
  | 65 | 
  
    echo ${v##?}
   | 
  | 66 | 
  
    v='-μ'
   | 
  | 67 | 
  
    echo ${v%?}  # ? is a glob that stands for one character
   | 
  | 68 | 
  
    echo ${v%%?}
   | 
  | 69 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 70 | 
  
    -
   | 
  | 71 | 
  
    -
   | 
  | 72 | 
  
    -
   | 
  | 73 | 
  
    -
   | 
  | 74 | 
  
    ## BUG dash/mksh/ash stdout-repr: '\xbc-\n\xbc-\n-\xce\n-\xce\n'
   | 
  | 75 | 
  
    ## BUG zsh stdout-repr: '\n\n\n\n'
   | 
  | 76 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 77 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 78 | 
  
    s='--x--'
   | 
  | 79 | 
  
    argv.py "${s%%-*}" "${s%-*}" "${s#*-}" "${s##*-}"
   | 
  | 80 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 81 | 
  
    ['', '--x-', '-x--', '']
   | 
  | 82 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 83 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 84 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 85 | 
  
    s='abcd'
   | 
  | 86 | 
  
    argv.py "${s%%abcd}" "${s%abcd}" "${s#abcd}" "${s##abcd}"
   | 
  | 87 | 
  
    # failure case:
   | 
  | 88 | 
  
    argv.py "${s%%abcde}" "${s%abcde}" "${s#abcde}" "${s##abcde}"
   | 
  | 89 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 90 | 
  
    ['', '', '', '']
   | 
  | 91 | 
  
    ['abcd', 'abcd', 'abcd', 'abcd']
   | 
  | 92 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 93 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 94 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 95 | 
  
    # This case was found in Kubernetes and others
   | 
  | 96 | 
  
    array=(aa bb '')
   | 
  | 97 | 
  
    argv.py ${array[@]/#/prefix-}
   | 
  | 98 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 99 | 
  
    ['prefix-aa', 'prefix-bb', 'prefix-']
   | 
  | 100 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 101 | 
  
    ## N-I dash/ash status: 2
   | 
  | 102 | 
  
    ## N-I dash/ash stdout-json: ""
   | 
  | 103 | 
  
    ## N-I mksh status: 1
   | 
  | 104 | 
  
    ## N-I mksh stdout-json: ""
   | 
  | 105 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 106 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 107 | 
  
    array=(aa bb '')
   | 
  | 108 | 
  
    argv.py ${array[@]/%/-suffix}
   | 
  | 109 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 110 | 
  
    ['aa-suffix', 'bb-suffix', '-suffix']
   | 
  | 111 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 112 | 
  
    ## N-I dash/ash status: 2
   | 
  | 113 | 
  
    ## N-I dash/ash stdout-json: ""
   | 
  | 114 | 
  
    ## N-I mksh status: 1
   | 
  | 115 | 
  
    ## N-I mksh stdout-json: ""
   | 
  | 116 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 117 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 118 | 
  
    # I guess dash and mksh treat unquoted [ as an invalid glob?
   | 
  | 119 | 
  
    var='[foo]'
   | 
  | 120 | 
  
    echo ${var#[}
   | 
  | 121 | 
  
    echo ${var#"["}
   | 
  | 122 | 
  
    echo "${var#[}"
   | 
  | 123 | 
  
    echo "${var#"["}"
   | 
  | 124 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 125 | 
  
    foo]
   | 
  | 126 | 
  
    foo]
   | 
  | 127 | 
  
    foo]
   | 
  | 128 | 
  
    foo]
   | 
  | 129 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 130 | 
  
    ## OK mksh STDOUT:
   | 
  | 131 | 
  
    [foo]
   | 
  | 132 | 
  
    foo]
   | 
  | 133 | 
  
    [foo]
   | 
  | 134 | 
  
    foo]
   | 
  | 135 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 136 | 
  
    ## BUG zsh stdout-json: ""
   | 
  | 137 | 
  
    ## BUG zsh status: 1
   | 
  | 138 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 139 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 140 | 
  
    # LooksLikeGlob('[]') is true
   | 
  | 141 | 
  
    # I guess dash, mksh, and zsh treat unquoted [ as an invalid glob?
   | 
  | 142 | 
  
    var='[]foo[]'
   | 
  | 143 | 
  
    echo ${var#[]}
   | 
  | 144 | 
  
    echo ${var#"[]"}
   | 
  | 145 | 
  
    echo "${var#[]}"
   | 
  | 146 | 
  
    echo "${var#"[]"}"
   | 
  | 147 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 148 | 
  
    foo[]
   | 
  | 149 | 
  
    foo[]
   | 
  | 150 | 
  
    foo[]
   | 
  | 151 | 
  
    foo[]
   | 
  | 152 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 153 | 
  
    ## OK mksh/zsh STDOUT:
   | 
  | 154 | 
  
    []foo[]
   | 
  | 155 | 
  
    foo[]
   | 
  | 156 | 
  
    []foo[]
   | 
  | 157 | 
  
    foo[]
   | 
  | 158 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 159 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 160 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 161 | 
  
    var='[foo]'
   | 
  | 162 | 
  
    echo ${var#?}
   | 
  | 163 | 
  
    echo ${var#"?"}
   | 
  | 164 | 
  
    echo "${var#?}"
   | 
  | 165 | 
  
    echo "${var#"?"}"
   | 
  | 166 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 167 | 
  
    foo]
   | 
  | 168 | 
  
    [foo]
   | 
  | 169 | 
  
    foo]
   | 
  | 170 | 
  
    [foo]
   | 
  | 171 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 172 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 173 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 174 | 
  
    var='[a]foo[]'
   | 
  | 175 | 
  
    echo ${var#[a]}
   | 
  | 176 | 
  
    echo ${var#"[a]"}
   | 
  | 177 | 
  
    echo "${var#[a]}"
   | 
  | 178 | 
  
    echo "${var#"[a]"}"
   | 
  | 179 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 180 | 
  
    [a]foo[]
   | 
  | 181 | 
  
    foo[]
   | 
  | 182 | 
  
    [a]foo[]
   | 
  | 183 | 
  
    foo[]
   | 
  | 184 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 185 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 186 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 187 | 
  
    var=$'\n'
   | 
  | 188 | 
  
    argv.py "${var#?}"
   | 
  | 189 | 
  
    argv.py "${var%''}"
   | 
  | 190 | 
  
    argv.py "${var%"${var#?}"}"
   | 
  | 191 | 
  
    var='a'
   | 
  | 192 | 
  
    argv.py "${var#?}"
   | 
  | 193 | 
  
    argv.py "${var%''}"
   | 
  | 194 | 
  
    argv.py "${var%"${var#?}"}"
   | 
  | 195 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 196 | 
  
    ['']
   | 
  | 197 | 
  
    ['\n']
   | 
  | 198 | 
  
    ['\n']
   | 
  | 199 | 
  
    ['']
   | 
  | 200 | 
  
    ['a']
   | 
  | 201 | 
  
    ['a']
   | 
  | 202 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 203 | 
  
    ## N-I dash STDOUT:
   | 
  | 204 | 
  
    ['\\n']
   | 
  | 205 | 
  
    ['$\\n']
   | 
  | 206 | 
  
    ['$']
   | 
  | 207 | 
  
    ['']
   | 
  | 208 | 
  
    ['a']
   | 
  | 209 | 
  
    ['a']
   | 
  | 210 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 211 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 212 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 213 | 
  
    x=abc
   | 
  | 214 | 
  
    argv.py "${x#*}"
   | 
  | 215 | 
  
    argv.py "${x##*}"
   | 
  | 216 | 
  
    argv.py "${x%*}"
   | 
  | 217 | 
  
    argv.py "${x%%*}"
   | 
  | 218 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 219 | 
  
    ['abc']
   | 
  | 220 | 
  
    ['']
   | 
  | 221 | 
  
    ['abc']
   | 
  | 222 | 
  
    ['']
   | 
  | 223 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 224 | 
  
    ## BUG zsh STDOUT:
   | 
  | 225 | 
  
    ['abc']
   | 
  | 226 | 
  
    ['']
   | 
  | 227 | 
  
    ['ab']
   | 
  | 228 | 
  
    ['']
   | 
  | 229 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 230 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 231 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 232 | 
  
    x=abc
   | 
  | 233 | 
  
    argv.py "${x#?}"
   | 
  | 234 | 
  
    argv.py "${x##?}"
   | 
  | 235 | 
  
    argv.py "${x%?}"
   | 
  | 236 | 
  
    argv.py "${x%%?}"
   | 
  | 237 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 238 | 
  
    ['bc']
   | 
  | 239 | 
  
    ['bc']
   | 
  | 240 | 
  
    ['ab']
   | 
  | 241 | 
  
    ['ab']
   | 
  | 242 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 243 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 244 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 245 | 
  
    x=abc
   | 
  | 246 | 
  
    argv.py "${x#abc}"
   | 
  | 247 | 
  
    argv.py "${x##abc}"
   | 
  | 248 | 
  
    argv.py "${x%abc}"
   | 
  | 249 | 
  
    argv.py "${x%%abc}"
   | 
  | 250 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 251 | 
  
    ['']
   | 
  | 252 | 
  
    ['']
   | 
  | 253 | 
  
    ['']
   | 
  | 254 | 
  
    ['']
   | 
  | 255 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 256 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 257 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 258 | 
  
    x=abc
   | 
  | 259 | 
  
    argv.py "${x#}"
   | 
  | 260 | 
  
    argv.py "${x##}"
   | 
  | 261 | 
  
    argv.py "${x%}"
   | 
  | 262 | 
  
    argv.py "${x%%}"
   | 
  | 263 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 264 | 
  
    ['abc']
   | 
  | 265 | 
  
    ['abc']
   | 
  | 266 | 
  
    ['abc']
   | 
  | 267 | 
  
    ['abc']
   | 
  | 268 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 269 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 270 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 271 | 
  
    x=μabcμ
   | 
  | 272 | 
  
    echo "${x#?abc?}"
   | 
  | 273 | 
  
    echo "${x##?abc?}"
   | 
  | 274 | 
  
    echo "${x%?abc?}"
   | 
  | 275 | 
  
    echo "${x%%?abc?}"
   | 
  | 276 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 277 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 278 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 279 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 280 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 281 | 
  
    ## BUG dash/mksh/ash STDOUT:
   | 
  | 282 | 
  
    μabcμ
   | 
  | 283 | 
  
    μabcμ
   | 
  | 284 | 
  
    μabcμ
   | 
  | 285 | 
  
    μabcμ
   | 
  | 286 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 287 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 288 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 289 | 
  
    x=μabcμ
   | 
  | 290 | 
  
    argv.py "${x#}"
   | 
  | 291 | 
  
    argv.py "${x##}"
   | 
  | 292 | 
  
    argv.py "${x%}"
   | 
  | 293 | 
  
    argv.py "${x%%}"
   | 
  | 294 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 295 | 
  
    ['\xce\xbcabc\xce\xbc']
   | 
  | 296 | 
  
    ['\xce\xbcabc\xce\xbc']
   | 
  | 297 | 
  
    ['\xce\xbcabc\xce\xbc']
   | 
  | 298 | 
  
    ['\xce\xbcabc\xce\xbc']
   | 
  | 299 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 300 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 301 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 302 | 
  
    var='$foo'
   | 
  | 303 | 
  
    echo 1 "${var#$foo}"
   | 
  | 304 | 
  
    echo 2 "${var#\$foo}"
   | 
  | 305 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 306 | 
  
    var='}'
   | 
  | 307 | 
  
    echo 10 "${var#}}"
   | 
  | 308 | 
  
    echo 11 "${var#\}}"
   | 
  | 309 | 
  
    echo 12 "${var#'}'}"
   | 
  | 310 | 
  
    echo 13 "${var#"}"}"
   | 
  | 311 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 312 | 
  
    1 $foo
   | 
  | 313 | 
  
    2 
   | 
  | 314 | 
  
    10 }}
   | 
  | 315 | 
  
    11 
   | 
  | 316 | 
  
    12 
   | 
  | 317 | 
  
    13 
   | 
  | 318 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 319 | 
  
    ## BUG zsh STDOUT:
   | 
  | 320 | 
  
    1 $foo
   | 
  | 321 | 
  
    2 
   | 
  | 322 | 
  
    10 }}
   | 
  | 323 | 
  
    11 
   | 
  | 324 | 
  
    12 }'}
   | 
  | 325 | 
  
    13 
   | 
  | 326 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 327 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 328 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 329 | 
  
    x='foo()' 
   | 
  | 330 | 
  
    echo 1 ${x%*\(\)}
   | 
  | 331 | 
  
    echo 2 ${x%%*\(\)}
   | 
  | 332 | 
  
    echo 3 ${x#*\(\)}
   | 
  | 333 | 
  
    echo 4 ${x##*\(\)}
   | 
  | 334 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 335 | 
  
    1 foo
   | 
  | 336 | 
  
    2
   | 
  | 337 | 
  
    3
   | 
  | 338 | 
  
    4
   | 
  | 339 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 340 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 341 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 342 | 
  
    case $SH in (dash|zsh|ash) exit ;; esac
   | 
  | 343 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 344 | 
  
    shopt -s extglob
   | 
  | 345 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 346 | 
  
    x='foo()' 
   | 
  | 347 | 
  
    echo 1 ${x%*(foo|bar)'()'}
   | 
  | 348 | 
  
    echo 2 ${x%%*(foo|bar)'()'}
   | 
  | 349 | 
  
    echo 3 ${x#*(foo|bar)'()'}
   | 
  | 350 | 
  
    echo 4 ${x##*(foo|bar)'()'}
   | 
  | 351 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 352 | 
  
    1 foo
   | 
  | 353 | 
  
    2
   | 
  | 354 | 
  
    3
   | 
  | 355 | 
  
    4
   | 
  | 356 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 357 | 
  
    ## N-I dash/zsh/ash stdout-json: ""
   |