| 1 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 2 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 3 | 
  
    cat <<< 'hi'
   | 
  | 4 | 
  
    ## stdout-json: "hi\n"
   | 
  | 5 | 
  
    ## N-I dash stdout-json: ""
   | 
  | 6 | 
  
    ## N-I dash status: 2
   | 
  | 7 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 8 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 9 | 
  
    cat <<< $'one\ntwo\n'
   | 
  | 10 | 
  
    ## stdout-json: "one\ntwo\n\n"
   | 
  | 11 | 
  
    ## N-I dash stdout-json: ""
   | 
  | 12 | 
  
    ## N-I dash status: 2
   | 
  | 13 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 14 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 15 | 
  
    # A space between 0 and <<EOF causes it to pass '0' as an arg to cat.
   | 
  | 16 | 
  
    cat 0<<EOF
   | 
  | 17 | 
  
    one
   | 
  | 18 | 
  
    EOF
   | 
  | 19 | 
  
    ## stdout: one
   | 
  | 20 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 21 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 22 | 
  
    # NOTE: OSH fails on descriptor 9, but not descriptor 8?  Is this because of
   | 
  | 23 | 
  
    # the Python VM?  How  to inspect state?
   | 
  | 24 | 
  
    read_from_fd.py 8  8<<EOF
   | 
  | 25 | 
  
    here doc on descriptor
   | 
  | 26 | 
  
    EOF
   | 
  | 27 | 
  
    ## stdout: 8: here doc on descriptor
   | 
  | 28 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 29 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 30 | 
  
    read_from_fd.py 0 3 <<EOF 3<<EOF3
   | 
  | 31 | 
  
    fd0
   | 
  | 32 | 
  
    EOF
   | 
  | 33 | 
  
    fd3
   | 
  | 34 | 
  
    EOF3
   | 
  | 35 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 36 | 
  
    0: fd0
   | 
  | 37 | 
  
    3: fd3
   | 
  | 38 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 39 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 40 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 41 | 
  
    # Most shells accept this, but OSH is stricter.
   | 
  | 42 | 
  
    cat <<${a}
   | 
  | 43 | 
  
    here
   | 
  | 44 | 
  
    ${a}
   | 
  | 45 | 
  
    ## stdout: here
   | 
  | 46 | 
  
    ## OK osh stdout-json: ""
   | 
  | 47 | 
  
    ## OK osh status: 2
   | 
  | 48 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 49 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 50 | 
  
    # bash is OK with this; dash isn't.  Should be a parse error.
   | 
  | 51 | 
  
    cat <<$(a)
   | 
  | 52 | 
  
    here
   | 
  | 53 | 
  
    $(a)
   | 
  | 54 | 
  
    ## stdout-json: ""
   | 
  | 55 | 
  
    ## status: 2
   | 
  | 56 | 
  
    ## BUG bash stdout: here
   | 
  | 57 | 
  
    ## BUG bash status: 0
   | 
  | 58 | 
  
    ## OK mksh status: 1
   | 
  | 59 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 60 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 61 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 62 | 
  
    echo hello >$TMP/hello.txt
   | 
  | 63 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 64 | 
  
    cat <<EOF <$TMP/hello.txt
   | 
  | 65 | 
  
    here
   | 
  | 66 | 
  
    EOF
   | 
  | 67 | 
  
    ## stdout: hello
   | 
  | 68 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 69 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 70 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 71 | 
  
    echo hello >$TMP/hello.txt
   | 
  | 72 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 73 | 
  
    cat <$TMP/hello.txt <<EOF
   | 
  | 74 | 
  
    here
   | 
  | 75 | 
  
    EOF
   | 
  | 76 | 
  
    ## stdout: here
   | 
  | 77 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 78 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 79 | 
  
    var=v
   | 
  | 80 | 
  
    cat <<EOF
   | 
  | 81 | 
  
    var: ${var}
   | 
  | 82 | 
  
    command: $(echo hi)
   | 
  | 83 | 
  
    arith: $((1+2))
   | 
  | 84 | 
  
    EOF
   | 
  | 85 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 86 | 
  
    var: v
   | 
  | 87 | 
  
    command: hi
   | 
  | 88 | 
  
    arith: 3
   | 
  | 89 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 90 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 91 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 92 | 
  
    # This isn't specified by the POSIX grammar, but it's accepted by both dash and
   | 
  | 93 | 
  
    # bash!
   | 
  | 94 | 
  
    echo foo > _tmp/foo.txt
   | 
  | 95 | 
  
    echo bar > _tmp/bar.txt
   | 
  | 96 | 
  
    cat <<EOF 1>&2 _tmp/foo.txt - _tmp/bar.txt
   | 
  | 97 | 
  
    here
   | 
  | 98 | 
  
    EOF
   | 
  | 99 | 
  
    ## STDERR:
   | 
  | 100 | 
  
    foo
   | 
  | 101 | 
  
    here
   | 
  | 102 | 
  
    bar
   | 
  | 103 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 104 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 105 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 106 | 
  
    cat <<EOF \
   | 
  | 107 | 
  
    ; echo two
   | 
  | 108 | 
  
    one
   | 
  | 109 | 
  
    EOF
   | 
  | 110 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 111 | 
  
    one
   | 
  | 112 | 
  
    two
   | 
  | 113 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 114 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 115 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 116 | 
  
    cat <<'EOF'"2"
   | 
  | 117 | 
  
    one
   | 
  | 118 | 
  
    two
   | 
  | 119 | 
  
    EOF2
   | 
  | 120 | 
  
    ## stdout-json: "one\ntwo\n"
   | 
  | 121 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 122 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 123 | 
  
    cat <<EOF; echo "two
   | 
  | 124 | 
  
    three"
   | 
  | 125 | 
  
    one
   | 
  | 126 | 
  
    EOF
   | 
  | 127 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 128 | 
  
    one
   | 
  | 129 | 
  
    two
   | 
  | 130 | 
  
    three
   | 
  | 131 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 132 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 133 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 134 | 
  
    <<EOF1 cat <<EOF2
   | 
  | 135 | 
  
    hello
   | 
  | 136 | 
  
    EOF1
   | 
  | 137 | 
  
    there
   | 
  | 138 | 
  
    EOF2
   | 
  | 139 | 
  
    ## stdout: there
   | 
  | 140 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 141 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 142 | 
  
    cat <<EOF \
   | 
  | 143 | 
  
    1
   | 
  | 144 | 
  
    2
   | 
  | 145 | 
  
    3
   | 
  | 146 | 
  
    EOF
   | 
  | 147 | 
  
    | tac
   | 
  | 148 | 
  
    ## status: 2
   | 
  | 149 | 
  
    ## OK mksh status: 1
   | 
  | 150 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 151 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 152 | 
  
    cat <<EOF | tac
   | 
  | 153 | 
  
    1
   | 
  | 154 | 
  
    2
   | 
  | 155 | 
  
    3
   | 
  | 156 | 
  
    EOF
   | 
  | 157 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 158 | 
  
    3
   | 
  | 159 | 
  
    2
   | 
  | 160 | 
  
    1
   | 
  | 161 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 162 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 163 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 164 | 
  
    cat <<EOF |
   | 
  | 165 | 
  
    1
   | 
  | 166 | 
  
    2
   | 
  | 167 | 
  
    3
   | 
  | 168 | 
  
    EOF
   | 
  | 169 | 
  
    tac
   | 
  | 170 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 171 | 
  
    3
   | 
  | 172 | 
  
    2
   | 
  | 173 | 
  
    1
   | 
  | 174 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 175 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 176 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 177 | 
  
    # read can't be run in a subshell.
   | 
  | 178 | 
  
    read v1 v2 <<EOF
   | 
  | 179 | 
  
    val1 val2
   | 
  | 180 | 
  
    EOF
   | 
  | 181 | 
  
    echo =$v1= =$v2=
   | 
  | 182 | 
  
    ## stdout: =val1= =val2=
   | 
  | 183 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 184 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 185 | 
  
    while read line; do
   | 
  | 186 | 
  
      echo X $line
   | 
  | 187 | 
  
    done <<EOF
   | 
  | 188 | 
  
    1
   | 
  | 189 | 
  
    2
   | 
  | 190 | 
  
    3
   | 
  | 191 | 
  
    EOF
   | 
  | 192 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 193 | 
  
    X 1
   | 
  | 194 | 
  
    X 2
   | 
  | 195 | 
  
    X 3
   | 
  | 196 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 197 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 198 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 199 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 200 | 
  
    while cat <<E1 && cat <<E2; do cat <<E3; break; done
   | 
  | 201 | 
  
    1
   | 
  | 202 | 
  
    E1
   | 
  | 203 | 
  
    2
   | 
  | 204 | 
  
    E2
   | 
  | 205 | 
  
    3
   | 
  | 206 | 
  
    E3
   | 
  | 207 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 208 | 
  
    1
   | 
  | 209 | 
  
    2
   | 
  | 210 | 
  
    3
   | 
  | 211 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 212 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 213 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 214 | 
  
    while cat <<E1 && cat <<E2
   | 
  | 215 | 
  
    1
   | 
  | 216 | 
  
    E1
   | 
  | 217 | 
  
    2
   | 
  | 218 | 
  
    E2
   | 
  | 219 | 
  
    do
   | 
  | 220 | 
  
      cat <<E3
   | 
  | 221 | 
  
    3
   | 
  | 222 | 
  
    E3
   | 
  | 223 | 
  
      break
   | 
  | 224 | 
  
    done
   | 
  | 225 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 226 | 
  
    1
   | 
  | 227 | 
  
    2
   | 
  | 228 | 
  
    3
   | 
  | 229 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 230 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 231 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 232 | 
  
    while cat <<E1
   | 
  | 233 | 
  
    1
   | 
  | 234 | 
  
    E1
   | 
  | 235 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 236 | 
  
    cat <<E2
   | 
  | 237 | 
  
    2
   | 
  | 238 | 
  
    E2
   | 
  | 239 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 240 | 
  
    do
   | 
  | 241 | 
  
      cat <<E3
   | 
  | 242 | 
  
    3
   | 
  | 243 | 
  
    E3
   | 
  | 244 | 
  
      break
   | 
  | 245 | 
  
    done
   | 
  | 246 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 247 | 
  
    1
   | 
  | 248 | 
  
    2
   | 
  | 249 | 
  
    3
   | 
  | 250 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 251 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 252 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 253 | 
  
    cat <<-EOF; echo --; cat <<EOF2
   | 
  | 254 | 
  
    	one
   | 
  | 255 | 
  
    EOF
   | 
  | 256 | 
  
    two
   | 
  | 257 | 
  
    EOF2
   | 
  | 258 | 
  
    ## stdout-json: "one\n--\ntwo\n"
   | 
  | 259 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 260 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 261 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 262 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 263 | 
  
    while read line; do echo X $line; done <<EOF; echo ==;  while read line; do echo Y $line; done <<EOF2
   | 
  | 264 | 
  
    1
   | 
  | 265 | 
  
    2
   | 
  | 266 | 
  
    EOF
   | 
  | 267 | 
  
    3
   | 
  | 268 | 
  
    4
   | 
  | 269 | 
  
    EOF2
   | 
  | 270 | 
  
    ## stdout-json: "X 1\nX 2\n==\nY 3\nY 4\n"
   | 
  | 271 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 272 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 273 | 
  
    fun() { cat; } <<EOF; echo before; fun; echo after 
   | 
  | 274 | 
  
    1
   | 
  | 275 | 
  
    2
   | 
  | 276 | 
  
    EOF
   | 
  | 277 | 
  
    ## stdout-json: "before\n1\n2\nafter\n"
   | 
  | 278 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 279 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 280 | 
  
    <<EOF tac
   | 
  | 281 | 
  
    1
   | 
  | 282 | 
  
    2
   | 
  | 283 | 
  
    3
   | 
  | 284 | 
  
    EOF
   | 
  | 285 | 
  
    ## stdout-json: "3\n2\n1\n"
   | 
  | 286 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 287 | 
  
      # NOTE that you can have redirection AFTER the here doc thing.  And you don't
   | 
  | 288 | 
  
      # need a space!  Those are operators.
   | 
  | 289 | 
  
      #
   | 
  | 290 | 
  
      # POSIX doesn't seem to have this?  They have io_file, which is for
   | 
  | 291 | 
  
      # filenames, and io_here, which is here doc.  But about 1>&2 syntax?  Geez.
   | 
  | 292 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 293 | 
  
    cat <<EOF 1>&2
   | 
  | 294 | 
  
    out
   | 
  | 295 | 
  
    EOF
   | 
  | 296 | 
  
    ## stderr: out
   | 
  | 297 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 298 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 299 | 
  
    cat <<-EOF
   | 
  | 300 | 
  
    	1
   | 
  | 301 | 
  
    	2
   | 
  | 302 | 
  
    		3  # 2 tabs are both stripped
   | 
  | 303 | 
  
      4  # spaces are preserved
   | 
  | 304 | 
  
    	EOF
   | 
  | 305 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 306 | 
  
    1
   | 
  | 307 | 
  
    2
   | 
  | 308 | 
  
    3  # 2 tabs are both stripped
   | 
  | 309 | 
  
      4  # spaces are preserved
   | 
  | 310 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 311 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 312 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 313 | 
  
    [[ $(cat <<EOF
   | 
  | 314 | 
  
    foo
   | 
  | 315 | 
  
    EOF
   | 
  | 316 | 
  
    ) == foo ]]; echo $?
   | 
  | 317 | 
  
    ## stdout: 0
   | 
  | 318 | 
  
    ## N-I dash stdout: 127
   | 
  | 319 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 320 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 321 | 
  
    if cat <<EOF; then
   | 
  | 322 | 
  
    here doc in IF CONDITION
   | 
  | 323 | 
  
    EOF
   | 
  | 324 | 
  
      echo THEN executed
   | 
  | 325 | 
  
    fi
   | 
  | 326 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 327 | 
  
    here doc in IF CONDITION
   | 
  | 328 | 
  
    THEN executed
   | 
  | 329 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 330 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 331 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 332 | 
  
    cat <<- EOF
   | 
  | 333 | 
  
    	outside
   | 
  | 334 | 
  
    	$(cat <<- INSIDE
   | 
  | 335 | 
  
    		inside
   | 
  | 336 | 
  
    INSIDE
   | 
  | 337 | 
  
    )
   | 
  | 338 | 
  
    EOF
   | 
  | 339 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 340 | 
  
    outside
   | 
  | 341 | 
  
    inside
   | 
  | 342 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 343 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 344 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 345 | 
  
    # SKIPPED: hangs with osh on Debian
   | 
  | 346 | 
  
    # The second instance reads its stdin from the pipe, and fd 5 from a here doc.
   | 
  | 347 | 
  
    read_from_fd.py 3 3<<EOF3 | read_from_fd.py 0 5 5<<EOF5
   | 
  | 348 | 
  
    fd3
   | 
  | 349 | 
  
    EOF3
   | 
  | 350 | 
  
    fd5
   | 
  | 351 | 
  
    EOF5
   | 
  | 352 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 353 | 
  
    0: 3: fd3
   | 
  | 354 | 
  
    5: fd5
   | 
  | 355 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 356 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 357 | 
  
    
   | 
  | 358 | 
  
    # SKIPPED: hangs with osh on Debian
   | 
  | 359 | 
  
    # The second instance reads its stdin from the pipe, and fd 5 from a here doc.
   | 
  | 360 | 
  
    read_from_fd.py 3 3<<EOF3 |
   | 
  | 361 | 
  
    fd3
   | 
  | 362 | 
  
    EOF3
   | 
  | 363 | 
  
    read_from_fd.py 0 5 5<<EOF5
   | 
  | 364 | 
  
    fd5
   | 
  | 365 | 
  
    EOF5
   | 
  | 366 | 
  
    ## STDOUT:
   | 
  | 367 | 
  
    0: 3: fd3
   | 
  | 368 | 
  
    5: fd5
   | 
  | 369 | 
  
    ## END
   | 
  | 370 | 
  
    
   |