| 1 | ## compare_shells: bash-4.4
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| 2 | ## oils_failures_allowed: 3
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| 3 |
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| 4 |
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| 5 | # NOTE:
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| 6 | # -declare -A is required.
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| 7 | #
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| 8 | # Simply doing:
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| 9 | # a=([aa]=b [foo]=bar ['a+1']=c)
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| 10 | # gets utterly bizarre behavior.
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| 11 | #
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| 12 | # Associtative Arrays are COMPLETELY bash-specific. mksh doesn't even come
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| 13 | # close. So I will probably not implement them, or implement something
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| 14 | # slightly different, because the semantics are just weird.
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| 15 |
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| 16 | # http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/Arrays.html
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| 17 | # TODO: Need a SETUP section.
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| 18 |
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| 19 | #### Literal syntax ([x]=y)
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| 20 | declare -A a
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| 21 | a=([aa]=b [foo]=bar ['a+1']=c)
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| 22 | echo ${a["aa"]}
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| 23 | echo ${a["foo"]}
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| 24 | echo ${a["a+1"]}
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| 25 | ## STDOUT:
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| 26 | b
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| 27 | bar
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| 28 | c
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| 29 | ## END
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| 30 |
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| 31 | #### set associative array to indexed array literal (very surprising bash behavior)
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| 32 | declare -A assoc=([k1]=foo [k2]='spam eggs')
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| 33 | for v in "${assoc[@]}"; do echo $v; done | sort
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| 34 | for v in "${!assoc[@]}"; do echo $v; done | sort
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| 35 |
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| 36 | # disallow this in OSH? Changing type?
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| 37 |
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| 38 | assoc=(foo 'spam eggs')
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| 39 | argv.py "${assoc[@]}"
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| 40 | argv.py "${!assoc[@]}"
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| 41 |
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| 42 | ## STDOUT:
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| 43 | foo
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| 44 | spam eggs
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| 45 | k1
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| 46 | k2
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| 47 | ['foo', 'spam eggs']
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| 48 | ['0', '1']
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| 49 | ## END
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| 50 | ## BUG bash STDOUT:
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| 51 | foo
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| 52 | spam eggs
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| 53 | k1
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| 54 | k2
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| 55 | []
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| 56 | []
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| 57 | ## END
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| 58 |
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| 59 | #### Can't initialize assoc array with indexed array
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| 60 | declare -A A=(1 2 3)
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| 61 | echo status=$?
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| 62 | ## STDOUT:
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| 63 | status=2
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| 64 | ## END
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| 65 |
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| 66 | # bash prints warnings to stderr but gives no indication of the problem
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| 67 | ## BUG bash STDOUT:
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| 68 | status=0
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| 69 | ## END
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| 70 |
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| 71 |
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| 72 | #### Initializing indexed array with assoc array
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| 73 | declare -a a=([xx]=1 [yy]=2 [zz]=3)
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| 74 | echo status=$?
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| 75 | argv.py "${a[@]}"
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| 76 | ## STDOUT:
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| 77 | status=2
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| 78 | []
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| 79 | ## END
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| 80 | ## BUG bash STDOUT:
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| 81 | status=0
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| 82 | ['3']
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| 83 | ## END
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| 84 |
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| 85 | #### create empty assoc array, put, then get
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| 86 | declare -A A # still undefined
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| 87 | argv.py "${A[@]}"
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| 88 | argv.py "${!A[@]}"
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| 89 | A['foo']=bar
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| 90 | echo ${A['foo']}
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| 91 | ## STDOUT:
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| 92 | []
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| 93 | []
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| 94 | bar
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| 95 | ## END
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| 96 |
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| 97 | #### Empty value (doesn't use EmptyWord?)
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| 98 | declare -A A=(["k"]= )
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| 99 | argv.py "${A["k"]}"
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| 100 | ## STDOUT:
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| 101 | ['']
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| 102 | ## END
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| 103 |
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| 104 | #### retrieve keys with !
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| 105 | declare -A a
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| 106 | var='x'
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| 107 | a["$var"]=b
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| 108 | a['foo']=bar
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| 109 | a['a+1']=c
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| 110 | for key in "${!a[@]}"; do
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| 111 | echo $key
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| 112 | done | sort
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| 113 | ## STDOUT:
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| 114 | a+1
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| 115 | foo
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| 116 | x
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| 117 | ## END
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| 118 |
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| 119 | #### retrieve values with ${A[@]}
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| 120 | declare -A A
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| 121 | var='x'
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| 122 | A["$var"]=b
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| 123 | A['foo']=bar
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| 124 | A['a+1']=c
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| 125 | for val in "${A[@]}"; do
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| 126 | echo $val
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| 127 | done | sort
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| 128 | ## STDOUT:
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| 129 | b
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| 130 | bar
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| 131 | c
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| 132 | ## END
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| 133 |
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| 134 | #### coerce to string with ${A[*]}, etc.
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| 135 | declare -A A
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| 136 | A['X X']=xx
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| 137 | A['Y Y']=yy
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| 138 | argv.py "${A[*]}"
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| 139 | argv.py "${!A[*]}"
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| 140 |
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| 141 | argv.py ${A[@]}
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| 142 | argv.py ${!A[@]}
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| 143 | ## STDOUT:
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| 144 | ['xx yy']
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| 145 | ['X X Y Y']
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| 146 | ['xx', 'yy']
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| 147 | ['X', 'X', 'Y', 'Y']
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| 148 | ## END
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| 149 |
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| 150 | #### ${A[@]/b/B}
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| 151 | # but ${!A[@]/b/B} doesn't work
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| 152 | declare -A A
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| 153 | A['aa']=bbb
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| 154 | A['bb']=ccc
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| 155 | A['cc']=ddd
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| 156 | for val in "${A[@]//b/B}"; do
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| 157 | echo $val
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| 158 | done | sort
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| 159 | ## STDOUT:
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| 160 | BBB
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| 161 | ccc
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| 162 | ddd
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| 163 | ## END
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| 164 |
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| 165 | #### ${A[@]#prefix}
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| 166 | declare -A A
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| 167 | A['aa']=one
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| 168 | A['bb']=two
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| 169 | A['cc']=three
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| 170 | for val in "${A[@]#t}"; do
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| 171 | echo $val
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| 172 | done | sort
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| 173 | ## STDOUT:
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| 174 | hree
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| 175 | one
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| 176 | wo
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| 177 | ## END
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| 178 |
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| 179 | #### ${assoc} is like ${assoc[0]}
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| 180 | declare -A a
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| 181 |
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| 182 | a=([aa]=b [foo]=bar ['a+1']=c)
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| 183 | echo a="${a}"
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| 184 |
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| 185 | a=([0]=zzz)
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| 186 | echo a="${a}"
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| 187 |
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| 188 | a=(['0']=yyy)
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| 189 | echo a="${a}"
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| 190 |
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| 191 | ## STDOUT:
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| 192 | a=
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| 193 | a=zzz
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| 194 | a=yyy
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| 195 | ## END
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| 196 |
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| 197 | #### length ${#a[@]}
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| 198 | declare -A a
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| 199 | a["x"]=1
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| 200 | a["y"]=2
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| 201 | a["z"]=3
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| 202 | echo "${#a[@]}"
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| 203 | ## stdout: 3
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| 204 |
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| 205 | #### lookup with ${a[0]} -- "0" is a string
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| 206 | declare -A a
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| 207 | a["0"]=a
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| 208 | a["1"]=b
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| 209 | a["2"]=c
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| 210 | echo 0 "${a[0]}" 1 "${a[1]}" 2 "${a[2]}"
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| 211 | ## STDOUT:
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| 212 | 0 a 1 b 2 c
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| 213 | ## END
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| 214 |
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| 215 | #### lookup with double quoted strings "mykey"
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| 216 | declare -A a
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| 217 | a["aa"]=b
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| 218 | a["foo"]=bar
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| 219 | a['a+1']=c
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| 220 | echo "${a["aa"]}" "${a["foo"]}" "${a["a+1"]}"
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| 221 | ## STDOUT:
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| 222 | b bar c
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| 223 | ## END
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| 224 |
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| 225 | #### lookup with single quoted string
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| 226 | declare -A a
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| 227 | a["aa"]=b
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| 228 | a["foo"]=bar
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| 229 | a['a+1']=c
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| 230 | echo "${a['a+1']}"
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| 231 | ## stdout: c
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| 232 |
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| 233 | #### lookup with unquoted $key and quoted "$i$i"
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| 234 | declare -A A
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| 235 | A["aa"]=b
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| 236 | A["foo"]=bar
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| 237 |
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| 238 | key=foo
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| 239 | echo ${A[$key]}
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| 240 | i=a
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| 241 | echo ${A["$i$i"]} # note: ${A[$i$i]} doesn't work in OSH
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| 242 | ## STDOUT:
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| 243 | bar
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| 244 | b
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| 245 | ## END
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| 246 |
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| 247 | #### lookup by unquoted string doesn't work in OSH because it's a variable
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| 248 | declare -A a
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| 249 | a["aa"]=b
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| 250 | a["foo"]=bar
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| 251 | a['a+1']=c
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| 252 | echo "${a[a+1]}"
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| 253 | ## stdout-json: ""
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| 254 | ## status: 1
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| 255 | ## BUG bash stdout: c
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| 256 | ## BUG bash status: 0
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| 257 |
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| 258 | #### bash bug: "i+1" and i+1 are the same key
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| 259 |
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| 260 | i=1
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| 261 | array=(5 6 7)
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| 262 | echo array[i]="${array[i]}"
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| 263 | echo array[i+1]="${array[i+1]}"
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| 264 |
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| 265 | # arithmetic does NOT work here in bash. These are unquoted strings!
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| 266 | declare -A assoc
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| 267 | assoc[i]=$i
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| 268 | assoc[i+1]=$i+1
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| 269 |
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| 270 | assoc["i"]=string
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| 271 | assoc["i+1"]=string+1
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| 272 |
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| 273 | echo assoc[i]="${assoc[i]}"
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| 274 | echo assoc[i+1]="${assoc[i+1]}"
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| 275 |
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| 276 | echo assoc[i]="${assoc["i"]}"
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| 277 | echo assoc[i+1]="${assoc["i+1"]}"
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| 278 |
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| 279 | ## status: 1
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| 280 | ## STDOUT:
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| 281 | array[i]=6
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| 282 | array[i+1]=7
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| 283 | ## END
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| 284 | ## BUG bash status: 0
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| 285 | ## BUG bash STDOUT:
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| 286 | array[i]=6
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| 287 | array[i+1]=7
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| 288 | assoc[i]=string
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| 289 | assoc[i+1]=string+1
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| 290 | assoc[i]=string
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| 291 | assoc[i+1]=string+1
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| 292 | ## END
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| 293 |
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| 294 | #### Array stored in associative array gets converted to string (without strict_array)
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| 295 |
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| 296 | array=('1 2' 3)
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| 297 | declare -A d
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| 298 | d['key']="${array[@]}"
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| 299 | argv.py "${d['key']}"
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| 300 | ## stdout: ['1 2 3']
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| 301 |
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| 302 | #### Indexed array as key of associative array coerces to string (without shopt -s strict_array)
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| 303 |
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| 304 | declare -a array=(1 2 3)
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| 305 | declare -A assoc
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| 306 | assoc[42]=43
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| 307 | assoc["${array[@]}"]=foo
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| 308 |
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| 309 | echo "${assoc["${array[@]}"]}"
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| 310 | for entry in "${!assoc[@]}"; do
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| 311 | echo $entry
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| 312 | done | sort
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| 313 |
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| 314 | ## STDOUT:
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| 315 | foo
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| 316 | 1 2 3
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| 317 | 42
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| 318 | ## END
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| 319 |
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| 320 | #### Append to associative array value A['x']+='suffix'
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| 321 | declare -A A
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| 322 | A['x']='foo'
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| 323 | A['x']+='bar'
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| 324 | A['x']+='bar'
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| 325 | argv.py "${A["x"]}"
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| 326 | ## STDOUT:
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| 327 | ['foobarbar']
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| 328 | ## END
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| 329 |
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| 330 | #### Slice of associative array doesn't make sense in bash
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| 331 | declare -A a
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| 332 | a[xx]=1
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| 333 | a[yy]=2
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| 334 | a[zz]=3
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| 335 | a[aa]=4
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| 336 | a[bb]=5
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| 337 | #argv.py ${a["xx"]}
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| 338 | argv.py ${a[@]: 0: 3}
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| 339 | argv.py ${a[@]: 1: 3}
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| 340 | argv.py ${a[@]: 2: 3}
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| 341 | argv.py ${a[@]: 3: 3}
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| 342 | argv.py ${a[@]: 4: 3}
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| 343 | argv.py ${a[@]: 5: 3}
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| 344 | ## stdout-json: ""
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| 345 | ## status: 1
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| 346 | ## BUG bash STDOUT:
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| 347 | ['2', '1', '5']
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| 348 | ['2', '1', '5']
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| 349 | ['1', '5', '4']
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| 350 | ['5', '4', '3']
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| 351 | ['4', '3']
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| 352 | ['3']
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| 353 | ## END
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| 354 | ## BUG bash status: 0
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| 355 |
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| 356 | #### bash variable can have an associative array part and a string part
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| 357 |
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| 358 | # and $assoc is equivalent to ${assoc[0]}, just like regular arrays
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| 359 | declare -A assoc
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| 360 | assoc[1]=1
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| 361 | assoc[2]=2
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| 362 | echo ${assoc[1]} ${assoc[2]} ${assoc}
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| 363 | assoc[0]=zero
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| 364 | echo ${assoc[1]} ${assoc[2]} ${assoc}
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| 365 | assoc=string
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| 366 | echo ${assoc[1]} ${assoc[2]} ${assoc}
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| 367 | ## STDOUT:
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| 368 | 1 2
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| 369 | 1 2 zero
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| 370 | 1 2 string
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| 371 | ## END
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| 372 | ## N-I osh status: 1
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| 373 | ## N-I osh STDOUT:
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| 374 | 1 2
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| 375 | 1 2 zero
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| 376 | ## END
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| 377 |
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| 378 | #### Associative array expressions inside (( )) with keys that look like numbers
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| 379 | declare -A assoc
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| 380 | assoc[0]=42
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| 381 | (( var = ${assoc[0]} ))
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| 382 | echo $var
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| 383 | (( var = assoc[0] ))
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| 384 | echo $var
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| 385 | ## STDOUT:
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| 386 | 42
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| 387 | 42
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| 388 | ## END
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| 389 |
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| 390 | #### (( A[5] += 42 ))
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| 391 | declare -A A
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| 392 | (( A[5] = 10 ))
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| 393 | (( A[5] += 6 ))
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| 394 | echo ${A[5]}
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| 395 | ## STDOUT:
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| 396 | 16
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| 397 | ## END
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| 398 |
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| 399 | #### (( A[5] += 42 )) with empty cell
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| 400 | shopt -u strict_arith # default zero cell
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| 401 | declare -A A
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| 402 | (( A[5] += 6 ))
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| 403 | echo ${A[5]}
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| 404 | ## STDOUT:
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| 405 | 6
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| 406 | ## END
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| 407 |
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| 408 | #### setting key to itself (from bash-bug mailing list)
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| 409 | declare -A foo
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| 410 | foo=(["key"]="value1")
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| 411 | echo ${foo["key"]}
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| 412 | foo=(["key"]="${foo["key"]} value2")
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| 413 | echo ${foo["key"]}
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| 414 | ## STDOUT:
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| 415 | value1
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| 416 | value1 value2
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| 417 | ## END
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| 418 | ## BUG bash STDOUT:
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| 419 | value1
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| 420 | value2
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| 421 | ## END
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| 422 |
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| 423 | #### readonly associative array can't be modified
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| 424 | declare -Ar A
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| 425 | A['x']=1
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| 426 | echo status=$?
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| 427 | ## OK osh status: 1
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| 428 | ## OK osh stdout-json: ""
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| 429 | ## STDOUT:
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| 430 | status=1
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| 431 | ## END
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| 432 |
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| 433 | #### associative array and brace expansion
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| 434 | declare -A A=([k1]=v [k2]=-{a,b}-)
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| 435 | echo ${A["k1"]}
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| 436 | echo ${A["k2"]}
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| 437 | ## STDOUT:
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| 438 | v
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| 439 | -{a,b}-
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| 440 | ## END
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| 441 |
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| 442 | #### bash mangles array #1
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| 443 | a=([k1]=v1 [k2]=v2)
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| 444 | echo ${a["k1"]}
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| 445 | echo ${a["k2"]}
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| 446 | ## STDOUT:
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| 447 | v1
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| 448 | v2
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| 449 | ## END
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| 450 | ## BUG bash STDOUT:
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| 451 | v2
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| 452 | v2
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| 453 | ## END
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| 454 |
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| 455 | #### bash mangles array and brace #2
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| 456 | a=([k2]=-{a,b}-)
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| 457 | echo ${a["k2"]}
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| 458 | ## STDOUT:
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| 459 | -{a,b}-
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| 460 | ## END
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| 461 | ## BUG bash STDOUT:
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| 462 | [k2]=-a-
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| 463 | ## END
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| 464 |
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| 465 | #### declare -A A=() allowed
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| 466 | set -o nounset
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| 467 | shopt -s strict_arith || true
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| 468 |
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| 469 | declare -A ASSOC=()
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| 470 | echo len=${#ASSOC[@]}
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| 471 |
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| 472 | # Check that it really can be used like an associative array
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| 473 | ASSOC['k']='32'
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| 474 | echo len=${#ASSOC[@]}
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| 475 |
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| 476 | # bash allows a variable to be an associative array AND unset, while OSH
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| 477 | # doesn't
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| 478 | set +o nounset
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| 479 | declare -A u
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| 480 | echo unset len=${#u[@]}
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| 481 | ## STDOUT:
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| 482 | len=0
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| 483 | len=1
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| 484 | unset len=0
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| 485 | ## END
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| 486 |
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| 487 | #### unset -v and assoc array
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| 488 | shopt -s eval_unsafe_arith || true
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| 489 |
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| 490 | show-len() {
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| 491 | echo len=${#assoc[@]}
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| 492 | }
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| 493 |
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| 494 | declare -A assoc=(['K']=val)
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| 495 | show-len
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| 496 |
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| 497 | unset -v 'assoc["K"]'
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| 498 | show-len
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| 499 |
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| 500 | declare -A assoc=(['K']=val)
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| 501 | show-len
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| 502 | key=K
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| 503 | unset -v 'assoc[$key]'
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| 504 | show-len
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| 505 |
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| 506 | declare -A assoc=(['K']=val)
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| 507 | show-len
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| 508 | unset -v 'assoc[$(echo K)]'
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| 509 | show-len
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| 510 |
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| 511 | # ${prefix} doesn't work here, even though it does in arithmetic
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| 512 | #declare -A assoc=(['K']=val)
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| 513 | #show-len
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| 514 | #prefix=as
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| 515 | #unset -v '${prefix}soc[$key]'
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| 516 | #show-len
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| 517 |
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| 518 | ## STDOUT:
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| 519 | len=1
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| 520 | len=0
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| 521 | len=1
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| 522 | len=0
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| 523 | len=1
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| 524 | len=0
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| 525 | ## END
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| 526 |
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| 527 | #### nameref and assoc array
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| 528 | show-values() {
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| 529 | echo values: ${A[@]}
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| 530 | }
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| 531 |
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| 532 | declare -A A=(['K']=val)
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| 533 | show-values
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| 534 |
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| 535 | declare -n ref='A["K"]'
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| 536 | echo before $ref
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| 537 | ref='val2'
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| 538 | echo after $ref
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| 539 | show-values
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| 540 |
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| 541 | echo ---
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| 542 |
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| 543 | key=K
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| 544 | declare -n ref='A[$key]'
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| 545 | echo before $ref
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| 546 | ref='val3'
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| 547 | echo after $ref
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| 548 | show-values
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| 549 |
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| 550 | ## STDOUT:
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| 551 | values: val
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| 552 | before val
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| 553 | after val2
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| 554 | values: val2
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| 555 | ---
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| 556 | before val2
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| 557 | after val3
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| 558 | values: val3
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| 559 | ## END
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| 560 |
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| 561 | #### ${!ref} and assoc array
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| 562 |
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| 563 | show-values() {
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| 564 | echo values: ${A[@]}
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| 565 | }
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| 566 |
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| 567 | declare -A A=(['K']=val)
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| 568 | show-values
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| 569 |
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| 570 | declare ref='A["K"]'
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| 571 | echo ref ${!ref}
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| 572 |
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| 573 | key=K
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| 574 | declare ref='A[$key]'
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| 575 | echo ref ${!ref}
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| 576 |
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| 577 | ## STDOUT:
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| 578 | values: val
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| 579 | ref val
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| 580 | ref val
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| 581 | ## END
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| 582 |
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| 583 | #### printf -v and assoc array
|
| 584 |
|
| 585 | show-values() {
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| 586 | echo values: ${assoc[@]}
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| 587 | }
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| 588 |
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| 589 | declare -A assoc=(['K']=val)
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| 590 | show-values
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| 591 |
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| 592 | printf -v 'assoc["K"]' '/%s/' val2
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| 593 | show-values
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| 594 |
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| 595 | key=K
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| 596 | printf -v 'assoc[$key]' '/%s/' val3
|
| 597 | show-values
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| 598 |
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| 599 | # Somehow bash doesn't allow this
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| 600 | #prefix=as
|
| 601 | #printf -v '${prefix}soc[$key]' '/%s/' val4
|
| 602 | #show-values
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| 603 |
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| 604 | ## STDOUT:
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| 605 | values: val
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| 606 | values: /val2/
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| 607 | values: /val3/
|
| 608 | ## END
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| 609 |
|
| 610 | #### bash bug: (( A["$key"] = 1 )) doesn't work
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| 611 | key='\'
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| 612 | declare -A A
|
| 613 | #A["$key"]=1
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| 614 |
|
| 615 | # Works in both
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| 616 | #A["$key"]=42
|
| 617 |
|
| 618 | # Works in bash only
|
| 619 | #(( A[\$key] = 42 ))
|
| 620 |
|
| 621 | (( A["$key"] = 42 ))
|
| 622 |
|
| 623 | argv.py "${!A[@]}"
|
| 624 | argv.py "${A[@]}"
|
| 625 | ## STDOUT:
|
| 626 | ['\\']
|
| 627 | ['42']
|
| 628 | ## END
|
| 629 | ## BUG bash STDOUT:
|
| 630 | []
|
| 631 | []
|
| 632 | ## END
|
| 633 |
|
| 634 |
|
| 635 | #### Implicit increment of keys
|
| 636 | declare -a arr=( [30]=a b [40]=x y)
|
| 637 | argv.py "${!arr[@]}"
|
| 638 | argv.py "${arr[@]}"
|
| 639 |
|
| 640 | # osh says "expected associative array pair"
|
| 641 |
|
| 642 | ## STDOUT:
|
| 643 | ['30', '31', '40', '41']
|
| 644 | ['a', 'b', 'x', 'y']
|
| 645 | ## END
|