| 1 |
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| 2 | #### case
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| 3 | foo=a; case $foo in [0-9]) echo number;; [a-z]) echo letter;; esac
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| 4 | ## stdout: letter
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| 5 |
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| 6 | #### case in subshell
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| 7 | # Hm this subhell has to know about the closing ) and stuff like that.
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| 8 | # case_clause is a compound_command, which is a command. And a subshell
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| 9 | # takes a compound_list, which is a list of terms, which has and_ors in them
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| 10 | # ... which eventually boils down to a command.
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| 11 | echo $(foo=a; case $foo in [0-9]) echo number;; [a-z]) echo letter;; esac)
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| 12 | ## stdout: letter
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| 13 |
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| 14 | #### Command sub word part
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| 15 | # "The token shall not be delimited by the end of the substitution."
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| 16 | foo=FOO; echo $(echo $foo)bar$(echo $foo)
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| 17 | ## stdout: FOObarFOO
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| 18 |
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| 19 | #### Backtick
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| 20 | foo=FOO; echo `echo $foo`bar`echo $foo`
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| 21 | ## stdout: FOObarFOO
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| 22 |
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| 23 | #### Backtick 2
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| 24 | echo `echo -n l; echo -n s`
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| 25 | ## stdout: ls
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| 26 |
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| 27 | #### Nested backticks
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| 28 | # Inner `` are escaped! Not sure how to do triple.. Seems like an unlikely
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| 29 | # use case. Not sure if I even want to support this!
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| 30 | echo X > $TMP/000000-first
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| 31 | echo `\`echo -n l; echo -n s\` $TMP | grep 000000-first`
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| 32 | ## stdout: 000000-first
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| 33 |
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| 34 | #### Making command out of command sub should work
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| 35 | # Works in bash and dash!
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| 36 | $(echo ec)$(echo ho) split builtin
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| 37 | ## stdout: split builtin
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| 38 |
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| 39 | #### Making keyword out of command sub should NOT work
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| 40 | $(echo f)$(echo or) i in a b c; do echo $i; done
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| 41 | echo status=$?
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| 42 | ## stdout-json: ""
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| 43 | ## status: 2
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| 44 | ## OK mksh status: 1
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| 45 |
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| 46 | #### Command sub with here doc
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| 47 | echo $(<<EOF tac
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| 48 | one
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| 49 | two
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| 50 | EOF
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| 51 | )
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| 52 | ## stdout: two one
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| 53 |
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| 54 | #### Here doc with pipeline
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| 55 | <<EOF tac | tr '\n' 'X'
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| 56 | one
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| 57 | two
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| 58 | EOF
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| 59 | ## stdout-json: "twoXoneX"
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| 60 |
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| 61 | #### Command Sub word split
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| 62 | argv.py $(echo 'hi there') "$(echo 'hi there')"
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| 63 | ## stdout: ['hi', 'there', 'hi there']
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| 64 |
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| 65 | #### Command Sub trailing newline removed
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| 66 | s=$(python2 -c 'print("ab\ncd\n")')
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| 67 | argv.py "$s"
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| 68 | ## stdout: ['ab\ncd']
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| 69 |
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| 70 | #### Command Sub trailing whitespace not removed
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| 71 | s=$(python2 -c 'print("ab\ncd\n ")')
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| 72 | argv.py "$s"
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| 73 | ## stdout: ['ab\ncd\n ']
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| 74 |
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| 75 | #### Command Sub and exit code
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| 76 | # A command resets the exit code, but an assignment doesn't.
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| 77 | echo $(echo x; exit 33)
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| 78 | echo $?
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| 79 | x=$(echo x; exit 33)
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| 80 | echo $?
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| 81 | ## STDOUT:
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| 82 | x
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| 83 | 0
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| 84 | 33
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| 85 | ## END
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| 86 |
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| 87 | #### Command Sub in local sets exit code
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| 88 | # A command resets the exit code, but an assignment doesn't.
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| 89 | f() {
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| 90 | echo $(echo x; exit 33)
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| 91 | echo $?
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| 92 | local x=$(echo x; exit 33)
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| 93 | echo $?
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| 94 | }
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| 95 | f
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| 96 | ## STDOUT:
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| 97 | x
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| 98 | 0
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| 99 | 0
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| 100 | ## END
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| 101 |
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| 102 | #### Double Quotes in Command Sub in Double Quotes
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| 103 | # virtualenv's bin/activate uses this.
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| 104 | # This is weird! Double quotes within `` is different than double quotes
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| 105 | # within $()! All shells agree.
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| 106 | # I think this is related to the nested backticks case!
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| 107 | echo "x $(echo hi)"
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| 108 | echo "x $(echo "hi")"
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| 109 | echo "x $(echo \"hi\")"
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| 110 | echo "x `echo hi`"
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| 111 | echo "x `echo "hi"`"
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| 112 | echo "x `echo \"hi\"`"
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| 113 | ## STDOUT:
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| 114 | x hi
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| 115 | x hi
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| 116 | x "hi"
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| 117 | x hi
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| 118 | x hi
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| 119 | x hi
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| 120 | ## END
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| 121 |
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| 122 | #### Escaped quote in [[ ]]
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| 123 | file=$TMP/command-sub-dbracket
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| 124 | #rm -f $file
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| 125 | echo "123 `[[ $(echo \\" > $file) ]]` 456";
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| 126 | cat $file
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| 127 | ## STDOUT:
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| 128 | 123 456
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| 129 | "
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| 130 | ## END
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| 131 |
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| 132 | #### Quoting " within ``
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| 133 | echo 1 `echo \"`
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| 134 | #echo 2 `echo \\"`
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| 135 | #echo 3 `echo \\\"`
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| 136 | #echo 4 `echo \\\\"`
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| 137 |
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| 138 | ## STDOUT:
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| 139 | 1 "
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| 140 | ## END
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| 141 |
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| 142 | #### Quoting $ within ``
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| 143 | echo 1 `echo $`
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| 144 | echo 2 `echo \$`
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| 145 | echo 3 `echo \\$`
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| 146 | echo 4 `echo \\\$`
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| 147 | echo 5 `echo \\\\$`
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| 148 | ## STDOUT:
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| 149 | 1 $
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| 150 | 2 $
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| 151 | 3 $
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| 152 | 4 $
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| 153 | 5 \$
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| 154 | ## END
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| 155 |
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| 156 | #### Quoting $ within `` within double quotes
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| 157 | echo "1 `echo $`"
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| 158 | echo "2 `echo \$`"
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| 159 | echo "3 `echo \\$`"
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| 160 | echo "4 `echo \\\$`"
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| 161 | echo "5 `echo \\\\$`"
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| 162 | ## STDOUT:
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| 163 | 1 $
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| 164 | 2 $
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| 165 | 3 $
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| 166 | 4 $
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| 167 | 5 \$
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| 168 | ## END
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| 169 |
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| 170 | #### Quoting \ within ``
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| 171 | # You need FOUR backslashes to make a literal \.
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| 172 | echo [1 `echo \ `]
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| 173 | echo [2 `echo \\ `]
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| 174 | echo [3 `echo \\\\ `]
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| 175 | ## STDOUT:
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| 176 | [1 ]
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| 177 | [2 ]
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| 178 | [3 \]
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| 179 | ## END
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| 180 |
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| 181 | #### Quoting \ within `` within double quotes
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| 182 | echo "[1 `echo \ `]"
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| 183 | echo "[2 `echo \\ `]"
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| 184 | echo "[3 `echo \\\\ `]"
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| 185 | ## STDOUT:
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| 186 | [1 ]
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| 187 | [2 ]
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| 188 | [3 \]
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| 189 | ## END
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| 190 |
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| 191 | #### Quoting ( within ``
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| 192 | echo 1 `echo \(`
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| 193 | echo 2 `echo \\(`
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| 194 | echo 3 `echo \\ \\(`
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| 195 | ## STDOUT:
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| 196 | 1 (
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| 197 | 2 (
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| 198 | 3 (
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| 199 | ## END
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| 200 |
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| 201 | #### Quoting ( within `` within double quotes
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| 202 | echo "1 `echo \(`"
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| 203 | echo "2 `echo \\(`"
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| 204 | echo "3 `echo \\ \\(`"
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| 205 | ## STDOUT:
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| 206 | 1 (
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| 207 | 2 (
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| 208 | 3 (
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| 209 | ## END
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| 210 |
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| 211 | #### Quoting non-special characters within ``
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| 212 | echo [1 `echo \z]`
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| 213 | echo [2 `echo \\z]`
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| 214 | echo [3 `echo \\\z]`
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| 215 | echo [4 `echo \\\\z]`
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| 216 | ## STDOUT:
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| 217 | [1 z]
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| 218 | [2 z]
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| 219 | [3 \z]
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| 220 | [4 \z]
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| 221 | ## END
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| 222 |
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| 223 | #### Quoting non-special characters within `` within double quotes
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| 224 | echo "[1 `echo \z`]"
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| 225 | echo "[2 `echo \\z`]"
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| 226 | echo "[3 `echo \\\z`]"
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| 227 | echo "[4 `echo \\\\z`]"
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| 228 | ## STDOUT:
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| 229 | [1 z]
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| 230 | [2 z]
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| 231 | [3 \z]
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| 232 | [4 \z]
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| 233 | ## END
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| 234 |
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| 235 | #### Quoting double quotes within backticks
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| 236 | echo \"foo\" # for comparison
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| 237 | echo `echo \"foo\"`
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| 238 | echo `echo \\"foo\\"`
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| 239 | ## STDOUT:
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| 240 | "foo"
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| 241 | "foo"
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| 242 | "foo"
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| 243 | ## END
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| 244 |
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| 245 | #### More levels of double quotes in backticks
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| 246 | # Shells don't agree here, some of them give you form feeds!
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| 247 | # There are two levels of processing I don't understand.
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| 248 | echo BUG
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| 249 | exit
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| 250 | echo `echo \\\"foo\\\"`
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| 251 | echo `echo \\\\"foo\\\\"`
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| 252 | echo `echo \\\\\"foo\\\\\"`
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| 253 | ## BUG bash/dash/mksh/osh STDOUT:
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| 254 | BUG
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| 255 | ## END
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| 256 |
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| 257 | #### Syntax errors with double quotes within backticks
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| 258 |
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| 259 | # bash does print syntax errors but somehow it exits 0
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| 260 |
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| 261 | $SH -c 'echo `echo "`'
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| 262 | echo status=$?
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| 263 | $SH -c 'echo `echo \\\\"`'
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| 264 | echo status=$?
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| 265 |
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| 266 | ## STDOUT:
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| 267 | status=2
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| 268 | status=2
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| 269 | ## END
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| 270 | ## OK mksh STDOUT:
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| 271 | status=1
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| 272 | status=1
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| 273 | ## END
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| 274 | ## OK bash stdout-json: "\nstatus=0\n\nstatus=0\n"
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| 275 |
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| 276 |
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| 277 | #### Empty command sub $() (command::NoOp)
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| 278 |
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| 279 | # IMPORTANT: catch assert() failure in child process!!!
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| 280 | shopt -s command_sub_errexit
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| 281 |
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| 282 | echo -$()- ".$()."
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| 283 | ## STDOUT:
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| 284 | -- ..
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| 285 | ## END
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